Azo Dye Adsorption onto Cobalt Oxide: Isotherm, Kinetics, and Error Analysis Studies

The current study focused on utilizing cobalt oxide to eliminate hazardous Eriochrome Black T (EBT) dye. impact of pH (2, 4, 7, 8, and 10) temperature (45, 50, 55 °C) was examined for EBT removal. results show that the maximum sorption occurred at = 2 removal percentage increased with increasing temperature. Five non-linear regression methods were used predict best isotherm kinetic models. A coefficient non-determination, K2, very helpful selecting RMSD function as a preferable error among five methods. Isothermal models illustrate equilibrium information, Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, Dubinin–Radushkevich used. showed Langmuir model (R2 0.99) most favorable, indicating monolayer occurred. kinetics analyzed using pseudo-first-order pseudo-second-order whereas information well described by 0.99). thermodynamic appeared adsorption endothermic, feasible, spontaneous, physical adsorption.